First, the sun damage The body's skin is very fragile, especially the lips, ears, nose and so on. If you do not pay attention to sun protection, strong sunlight will hurt you within an hour. In mountaineering, climbers are most likely to suffer from three sun exposures. Sunburn - If you walk on a day off, the skin on your face is red and swollen. When the bag is put away, a large piece of skin on the shoulder falls off. It is a sunburn injury. Sunburn is a skin lesion that occurs when exposed to intense sunlight. Redness, swelling, itching, and burning and tingling sensations occur within 1 hour of exposure. Symptoms often peak in 3 days and the skin will fall off. In severe cases, blisters or skin infections may occur. Sunshine dermatitis - If your natural skin is more sensitive, the sun will produce sunlight dermatitis, causing premature aging of the skin. Sunburn dermatitis is most likely to occur on the white complexion, and the lighter the skin tone, the less tolerant it is to sunlight. The borders of the irradiated skin will have obvious erythema. In severe cases, edema may occur and peak in 12-24 hours. Accompanied by local burning or tingling, and some may appear local itching. Sunshine cheilitis - People's lips are very weak. In the sun, climbers may develop cheilitis. Cheilitis can lead to dry, cracked lips and mouth ulcers. If you are on a long line, eating in the next few days will be very painful. If you are in the sun for many years, the skin will eventually become cancerous, and over 90% of skin cancers will result from exposure. All these injuries are easy for climbers to suffer. Maybe you don’t get hurt in the sun, but when you go hiking, you get black and blue. This is because unlike the city, the sun is everywhere in the mountains. Second, penetrate the skin of ultraviolet rays The substance that hurts the skin in the sun is ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet rays are punctured. Even on cloudy days, it can penetrate the clouds and reach the surface, causing harm to the human body. Ultraviolet light is classified into three types, near ultraviolet (UVA), medium ultraviolet (UVB), and far ultraviolet (UVC). The ozone layer on the earth's surface will resist UVC, while UVB will harm the human epidermis, and UVA will reach the deep dermis of the skin. Third, in the face of UV damage, your skin needs a full range of protection. Sun protection during climbing is the establishment of three lines of defense to completely shut out the ultraviolet rays. The first line of defense: sun protection clothing When climbing, your clothing protects most of the skin, blocks UV rays, and establishes the first line of defense against sun. Not all garments can block UV rays, and they have sun protection signs (UPF) to gain sun protection. The higher the UPF, the better the sunscreen. With a UPF of 50, UV filtration can reach 97%. With the protection of your clothes, the only part of your body that is exposed is the face. Some mountain friends will choose to wear a hooded mask for sun protection, but this will affect the ventilation, and the turban does not block the effect of UV rays. The best way to use facial sunscreen is to use quality sunscreen, which is the most convenient and scientifically proven method. The second line of defense: sunscreen Outdoors, Shanyou believes that applying sunscreen is superfluous. This is a mistaken understanding. Sunscreen is the most critical equipment for facial sunscreen. High quality sunscreen can resist UV rays and does not irritate the skin. The ingredients of sunscreen - the UV rays that injure people are mainly UVA and UVB. The composition of sunscreen determines whether they can both resist the UV rays. Sun Protection Factor (SPF) - In the sunscreen's outer packaging, you can see the SPF logo, SPF is the sun protection factor, the higher the sun protection factor, the longer the sunscreen. For example, a sunscreen with SPF of 15 will cause sunburn in 1 hour and will extend to 5 hours. When SPF is higher than 30, sunburn can be avoided throughout the day. The sun protection factor (SPF) determines the protection time. Therefore, when you are ready to climb, you need to understand the ingredients of sunscreen, and choose sunscreen with enough sun protection factor, and finally apply it correctly. Apply Sunscreen Correctly - When applying sunscreen, apply care to areas that are easily overlooked: including ears, helmet edges, forehead, and chin. UV can come from all directions, so pay attention to the smear of every detail. When you get dressed and apply sunscreen on your face, you have established two lines of defense against UV rays. But in your face, there is also a weak point that is easy to ignore. That is the lips. The third line of defense: sunscreen lipstick The lips are fragile organs that are vulnerable to UV rays and are easily overlooked. Before climbing, apply lip balms with sunscreen and watch for supplements at rest. Clothing protects most of the skin, sunscreen takes on the task of protecting the face, and lipstick acts as protection against the lips. When three lines of defense are established, climbing sunscreen is done. Do a good job of sun protection and go healthily toward the mountains. This article is transferred from: Outdoor Sports Synthesis
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Sunscreen Principles - Today's sunscreens have two major sun protection mechanisms, physical sunscreens and chemical sunscreens. They have different principles and they have different advantages and disadvantages.