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Since the 15th CPC National Congress, with the deepening of reforms, the market competition mechanism has been continuously strengthened. It is no longer possible to pin down the planning mechanism or administrative means. Only by continuously developing itself in the course of dynamic competition in which the survival of the fittest and the fittest can the survival of the fittest, can the enterprise be invincible. Ground. The current market competition is also facing the internationalization of the domestic market. The Chinese market will be part of the world market, and relying on customs protection to lock the country is no longer suited to the requirements of economic development. From the beginning of 1996, the paper market began to abruptly change. From the seller's market to the buyer's market, a large amount of products were left behind by paper-making companies, which made the industry difficult. Under such circumstances, in 1996, the country imported 4,494,400 tons of paper and paperboard, which was nearly 20% of the national output, an increase of 48.38% from the 3.02 million tons imported in 1995. From January to March 1997, 1.13 million tons had been imported, an increase of 58% from the same period of last year. So we can no longer just increase production without analyzing the market!
How to develop the paper industry is also facing the primary issue of environmental protection. In previous years, many small and medium sized paper mills, together with various original paper mills, the paper industry pollution has endangered urban and rural materials, oceans, rivers and lakes, and more and more serious, if not determined, modern people can not live , and will endanger future generations! On May 15, 1996, President Jiang Zemin issued the Presidential Decree No. 66, which promulgated the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution," and its 23 countries prohibit the construction of small-scale chemical pulps for the treatment of water-free pollution ... and others. Enterprises polluting the water environment. Article 24 requires that units of sewage (pollutants) that cause serious pollution of water bodies be treated within a time limit. The State Council issued the "Decision on Strengthening Several Issues Concerning Environmental Protection" with the document Guofa [96] No. 31, and stipulated that the small paper mill with an annual output of 5,000 tons or less be banned by September 31, 1996, and all industries in the country by the year 2000. The goal of the company's discharge standards. In particular, in the heavily polluted Huaihe River Basin, the State Council requires that “to ensure that the entire river basin meets the emission standards for industrial pollution sources in 1997 and to achieve a clear water body in the Huaihe River Basin in 2000â€. There is no area where the pollution is serious in the Huaihe River Basin. Naturally, it must be discharged as soon as possible. Under the correct decision of the Central Government, the state legislature and governments at all levels have vigorously enforced the law. By December 24, 1996, 4,081 small paper mills had been closed down, accounting for 37% of the total number of paper mills. According to the National Industrial Survey of 1995, there were 11,025 nationally. More than 200,000 tons per year, only one Qingzhou paper mill in Fujian, 9 annual output of more than 100,000 tons, 130 annual output of 30,000 tons or more, 242 tons or more, 9838 tons (more than 5,000 tons) The following 9141), the following tons of production accounted for about 60% of the country. 11025 paper-making enterprises have an average annual output of more than 2,000 tons. In accordance with the principle of "can not rely on sacrificing the environment to develop production," "there is order but there is a ban," and "there is a law to follow" principle, what should be done when facing so many small paper mills?
Many experts have proposed to scale up and concentrate pulping and dispersing papermaking in order to adapt to the economic scale of alkali (waste liquid) recycling. After decades of efforts, many lessons have been learned, especially in recent years, large-scale pulp mills (especially pulp mills) and medium-sized pulp mills have made great progress, and some have achieved significant environmental benefits and economic benefits. Pulp mills producing more than 17,000 tons are increasing pollution control efforts and implementing alkali (waste) recovery projects as soon as possible. An annual output of about 10,000 tons will not be able to expand the scale of the majority of "stopping the paper", the use of commercial pulp and waste paper (including waste paper deinking). These tens of thousands of tons of paper mills are technically advanced at home, and their products are still relatively high-end and mid-range. What about the small factories with 10,000 tons and 5,000 tons already built? Concentrated pulping and the use of waste paper are still difficult to meet emission standards and the outlook is not optimistic.
In the face of the grim situation, two young comrades Chen Wenxuan and Chen Wenzhong, after eight years of hard work, repeatedly trial-produced and finally developed a cardboard laminating machine. In 1997, the People’s Republic of China National Patent Office hosted the sixth China’s patented new technology. New product fair won a gold medal. The machine can combine two kinds of paper or paperboard adhesives into various kinds of paperboard, such as composite white paperboard, boxboard, high-strength kraft board, gold foil and silver foil and other cardboard. At the site, we saw 60 g/m2 single-sided offset paper and 240 gm 2 thick ordinary corrugated base paper, compounded into a width of 1,600 mm and a ration of 305 g/m2, white paperboard, very smooth, like coated white paperboard. Many papermaking experts and users are surprised. The entire production process only taps tap water, no water, no drainage, and no pollution at all. The board device that is compounded into a 1600 mm width uses only 20 watts of electricity and is noise-free. It can be compounded into paperboards with a basis weight of 600 g/m2 or more. The output of composite paperboard is 6-20 tons/day (the base paper has a low yield and the output is 200 to 600 g/m2). It evaporates the moisture contained in the adhesive and consumes very little energy (gas, coal, and electricity) (30 kg of coal for coal-based products).
Cardboard laminating machine can take advantage of the different grades of two kinds of paper or paperboard to complement each other and improve the product quality and performance at the most reasonable and low cost. For example, Kraft packaging paper or cement bag paper with high strength (such as high folding strength) is compounded with hardwood semi-chemical pulp boxboard with low bending strength (only 1 to 6 times) and high crush strength and stiffness. The strength and performance of the composite board can be compared with that of Class B high strength kraft board. In 1996, China imported 501.61 million kraft paperboards of this type. In 1997, the import volume was far more than in 1996, which shows that the market potential is large. According to the current market price of Liaoning Province: kraft paper 5200 yuan a ton, quantitative 70 g/m2, compounded quantitative 285 g/m2 (increase of 5 g/m2 for adhesive weight gain), its cost (by one ton Product plan):
Kraft paper 70/385 = 18.18% × 5200 = 945.45 yuan Linerboard paper 310/385 = 80.52% × 2700 = 2174.04 yuan coal 30kg/ton product 6.0 yuan electric 10 degree 6.7 yuan adhesive 80.0 yuan artificial (4 people per shift) 73.3 yuan Taxes (after deducting input tax 10% of output value) 40.0 yuan Total cost 3,325.49 yuan Price (much lower than imports) 4000.0 yuan Profit 674.51 yuan If using 60 g/m2 single-sided offset paper, Shenyang 5,000 yuan/ton, Thick and ordinary corrugated base paper, quantitative 240 g/m2, Shenyang 1500 yuan/ton, composite production of white paperboard, tons of product cost:
Single-sided offset paper 60/305 = 19.67% × 5000 = 983.6 yuan thick ordinary corrugated medium 240/305 = 78.68 × 1500 = 1180.3 yuan electricity, artificial coal 80.0 yuan 30kg/ton product 6.0 yuan adhesive 80.0 yuan tax (deductible input tax After 10% of production value) 28.0 yuan total cost of 2357.9 yuan Price of 2800 yuan Profit 442 yuan It can be seen that the paperboard machine is a new project with low investment, energy saving, no pollution and high profit. At present, many paper mills are shutting down and converting to this aspect. Satisfying the needs of the packaging industry will be a very feasible new way that suits our national conditions.
(Author Luo Shaochu Chief Engineer, Liaoning Paper Research Institute)
A new way to produce cardboard
The total output of paper and board in China was 18.2 million tons in 1993, 21.183 million tons in 1994, and 28.123 million tons in 1995, ranking third in the world, second only to the United States and Japan. However, according to per capita consumption of paper and board, the average world average was 47.7 kilograms in 1994, 23.6 kilograms per capita in Asia, 20.2 kilograms per capita in China, up to 332.6 kilograms in the United States, 266.1 kilograms in Finland, and 233.2 kilograms in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It can be seen that despite the rapid development of the paper industry, its output is still far from meeting the needs. What's more, China's non-wood raw materials account for 87.5% of the paper industry, and low-end products account for 50%, and the quality is far from satisfying the demand.