According to different contents of special printing, there are many types. One of the following features is classified as special printing.

1. Use special inks to print on paper or other substrates;

2. Use special printing methods to print on special shapes or special materials;

3. A special process printing method that transfers the print to other substrates.

Therefore, special printing is not necessarily limited to the traditional printing method, but other printing methods may also be used to obtain the printed matter.

In special printing, the use of special printing methods are: China's unique woodblock watermark, and hose printing, inkjet printing, holographic printing, electrostatic printing and so on. Printing with special performance inks includes: foam printing, perfume printing, magnetic printing, liquid crystal printing, and the like. Special-shaped prints can be printed on surfaces such as cylinders, cones, spheres, and irregular surfaces. Printing on special printing materials, there are many materials used today, including: glass, plastics, metals, ceramics, silk, rubber, wood, etc.; printing transfer paper is now widely used, since ancient times there is a ceramic transfer paper; The development of various kinds of decal printing nowadays, which can be transferred to metal, wood, plastics, and building materials, will have a broad future for the use of special printing. All kinds of wallpapers and decorative boards are printed. With the development of science and technology, there will be more special printing methods.

The woodblock watermark can wonderfully replicate the unique styles of ink paintings, color ink paintings, and meticulous paintings in Chinese ancient paintings. This is difficult to achieve with other modern printing methods. The woodblock watermark is characterized by copying ancient and modern famous paintings to a level similar to the original ones, but it has a long production process, less print, and high costs. Therefore, it is mainly to copy advanced fine products.

The production of woodblock watermarks is mainly divided into four processes: sketching → engraving woodblocks → printing → mounting.

First, tick

Trace description is the basis of this version of the watermark, in order to faithfully reproduce the spirit of the original, first with a transparent and impervious adhesive tape on the original, the screen points, lines, color blocks as well as the inscription, the seal accurately trace down, Then use a translucent tissue paper on the tape that matches the manuscript, and compare the original with the different hue hue, and draw each piece of the manuscript one by one. How many color layers are on the original, and how many pieces of the manuscript are described, Zhang Zhangzi carved into a set of wood, so that a painting according to its complexity, how much the level of color, divided into several sets, dozens of sets, and even thousands of sets. Such as the copy of national treasure - Five Dynasties when the artist Gu Jiezhong's masterpiece "Han Xizai night banquet map." Divided into 1768 sets of woodblock printing.

In order to work as a tracer, one must have the qualities of traditional painting in order to faithfully reproduce the style and charm of the original work. Enough research must be done on the engraving and printing in order to cooperate with the entire production process.

Second, engraving wood version

The selected board is selected pear wood, the surface to be flat and smooth. Stick the well-written manuscripts on the wooden boards and dry them until they are solid.

The sculpted wood version was carved on a wooden board with a crescent-shaped knife, and carved in various colors. The carving of the workers must be familiar with the paintings and paintings of ancient and modern times, and they should seriously understand the original works in order to be able to use the sword as a pen and to use them freely.

Third, printing

At the beginning, the selected paper or picture frame is fixed on one end of the printing. Then the engraved wood plate is fixed in a position suitable for printing by using a type of adhesive that can be moved and fixed. Brush the color onto the printing material on the wood plate.

The colorant used in printing is not ink, but the watercolor paint used in Chinese painting. The tool for painting is a brown brush. The shade of color used in painting should be the same as that of the original painting. Watermarks are divided in the subtle shades of the painting. When color sorting, it is not possible to divide the line drawn into a single set into several sets, but instead rely on the printer to use different colors or different shades of color to add a set of wooden plates to solve the problem. This process is called in the woodblock watermark term. "揸" color.

When printing, a set of wooden plates are printed and then a set of wood is changed until all the sets of the pictures are printed. A maximum of 200 to 300 prints at a time and 20 to 30 prints at a minimum.

Therefore, the printer is required not only to be familiar with the technique of painting, but also to have skillful printing operation techniques, so that it is possible to reproduce the unique style of the original.

Fourth, equipment

Decoration is one of the traditional techniques of Chinese painting. It has the function of protecting, decorating the picture and facilitating suspension.

Decoration is the use of rice paper, brocade, enamel, enamel, etc. to copy woodcut watermarks to establish the axes, horizontal stripes, albums and other national forms. If it is compared with the original, it resembles the original and achieves spurious effects.