Garlic is the most common food in our family's table dishes, which can be eaten raw or seasoned. It is an ideal cash crop. We all know that garlic was introduced into China from the Western Regions during the Qin and Han Dynasties. After years of artificial cultivation, the current garlic grows robust, has strong cold tolerance, high convulsion rate and is resistant to storage. It is very suitable for autumn planting.

First, growth habits

Garlic is a stringed fibrous root. The water-absorbing fertilizer can be weaker, and the bulbous stalk grows and expands in the soil, so the garlic should be cultivated with loose soil, good drainage and rich organic matter. Although the adaptability of garlic is large, it is better to use sandy loam. Because the sandy loam is loose, it is suitable for root development, returning to early green, early convulsions, large garlic and spicy flavor, easy to garlic.

1, temperature: like cold, suitable temperature is -5-26 degrees Celsius. Garlic seedlings 4-5 leaf stage cold-resistant can be the strongest, when the most suitable wintering Miaoling.

2. Illumination: The garlic that completes the spring flower begins to differentiate between flower buds and buds under long-term sunshine of 13 hours and above, and is suitable for stem and leaf growth in a short and cold environment.

3, moisture: like wet and fear of drought

4, soil and nutrition: soil requirements are not strict, but rich in organic matter, loose and breathable, water and drainage performance of fertile loam is more suitable.

Second, planting preparation

The plots of planted garlic are ploughed and ploughed immediately after harvesting of the previous crops, and the ground is re-ground before planting. The base fertilizer should be applied before the tillage. Garlic has a long growing period, a high population density, and a large amount of fertilizer. It is a kind of high-quality organic fertilizer such as manure, manure, and other fertilizers of 500 to 800 kg. And with 2O ~ 3O kg of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. Organic fertilizers should be fully decomposed. If raw fertilizer is used, garlic roots will be burned during fermentation, and underground pests will be caused, especially in the mantle.

1. Land preparation. The depth of ploughing is generally about 2Ocm, and it is necessary to finely plow, level, and compact. There is no obvious smear, and it is “qi, loose, broken, and clean”. According to the water source, the length of the crucible can be determined to be 8 to 10 m long and 4.2 to 4.4 m wide. It can also be used for lengths of 4O to 5Om and widths of 4.2 to 4.4m.

2, choose the species. The skin of the human skin is removed, the trays and stems of the garlic are removed, and the meat is graded according to the large, medium, small and garlic hearts. The small garlic petals are processed according to the specific conditions. The requirements are pure white without red tendons, no scars, no sugar, no light. skin. The principle requires about 5g per weight. Seed size is the key to high yields.

3. Sowing at the right time. Garlic sowing should be timely. The planting time is at the beginning of the autumn and autumn of the Lulu (the end of September and the beginning of October), and the temperature is about 17 degrees Celsius. Before planting, you should wear garlic cloves for 1 to 2 days.

4. Reasonable close planting. - The line spacing is 2Ocm, the plant spacing is 16 to 17 cm, and the 667 square meters is about 20,000. The method is to use a hoe or a trencher to open the ditch. The depth of the ditch is about 5 cm. After planting, the soil above the garlic is about 1 cm. When planting, remember to water it.

Third, field management

1. Irrigation

Garlic requires a large amount of water, and it needs to be poured 4 times throughout the growing season.

1 Covered water: After sowing, the garlic needs to be watered in time, poured into the ground, and the plant does not leak, watering 10,000 cubic meters per 667 square meters. This water not only meets the needs of garlic cultivation, but also provides convenience for covering the mulch film.

2 strong seedling water: - generally watered in the first half of April or when the ground temperature is above 15 degrees Celsius.

3 out of the moss water: garlic moss just - the tip of the water will be poured.

4 swell water: pour this water after pulling out the garlic.

2, the plastic film covered. Film mulching is the key to increasing garlic production, which can increase ground temperature, decompose organic matter quickly, reduce water evaporation, and meet the environmental needs of garlic. After the filming water was poured, the ground was slightly sunk and the film was coated by a laminator or a human hand. Either way, the film should be tightened and pressed on both sides to prevent the film from being lifted when the wind blows in autumn and winter.

3, put seedlings. The garlic buds just broke the soil, and the mulch was smashed in time to expose the seedlings to the outside of the membrane. In the morning or evening, the temperature was low and the film was elastic. The mulch was patted with a new broom or the bamboo hoe was used for snagging.

4, people annihilate grass. During the growth period of garlic, the temperature is relatively low, and the weed damage is mainly after the Spring Festival. Because of the mulching film, it relies on people to kill the grass. The method is to use a thick iron bar or 8 mm steel bar to fold the "7" shaped small ditch to break the small film to remove the grass seedlings.

5, pull out the garlic. It is the best time to pull out the garlic when the upper part of the garlic is bent upwards from the bottom. The method is lightly lifted by hand from 11 noon to 3 pm every day.

6, fertilization

The principle of green food garlic fertilization is based on organic fertilizer, and a small amount of chemical fertilizer is applied. Mainly based on the base fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing.

1 Base fertilizer: In late September, every 667 square meters of high-quality farmyard manure (fully decomposed manure, compost, cake fertilizer) 5OO kg, urea 2O kg, potassium sulfate 1O kg. Ask for uniformity and then plow the field.

2 Topdressing: In the first half of April of the next year, combined with pouring seedling water, each quick-acting fertilizer urea is 1O kg per 667 square meters. In mid-April, every 667 square meters was sprayed with 0.5 kilograms of potassium bismuth hydrogen phosphate dissolved in 5O kg of water.

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