Printing disputes are the most reluctant problems encountered by printers in dealing with customers, but they are also the most frequently encountered problems. One of the reasons for the occurrence of printing disputes may be the unqualified printing quality, and another important reason is the objective printing errors. For professionals who have been engaged in printing for a long time, knowing these errors is inevitable; and for customers who receive printed products and play a decisive role in the acceptance of finished products, sometimes they do not fully understand these errors. In this way, in the process of handing over the finished product between the printing factory and the customer, the printing factory often thinks that the product they have shipped is qualified, but the customer insists that the product is unqualified or even unacceptable. As a result, after the dispute, the communication between the two parties was very difficult. The customer thought that the quality of the printing factory's products was not enough, and made excuses; the printing factory thought that the customer had unreasonable trouble and payment credit problems. To this end, this article lists seven common printing errors to help customers and printing plants to further understand these objectively existing and inevitable factors. 1. Text errors in typesetting Typesetting is an important process before printing. From the perspective of the printing house, before making a plate for printing, the customer is generally required to sign for confirmation. However, sometimes due to tight job time and at the same time, based on the trust level of both parties, the customer may sometimes completely delegate the right of typesetting confirmation to the printing house. In this case, if there is a problem, the customer may blame the design and production personnel for being irresponsible, such as typos or other typographical errors. It should be said that the occurrence of this error is not caused by the mechanical problem we mentioned above, but it is completely a problem with process control. Therefore, we generally require that the customer's signature be confirmed before the proofing of the film. By comparing the two parties together, these errors can be reduced or eliminated to a large extent. But even so, in fact, some errors may still appear in the manuscript confirmed by the customer. In this regard, we recommend drawing on the practices of certain multinational companies. When printing some important printed materials, they will be marked with the following "This information is for reference only, the company does not bear any responsibility for errors in the printed materials" to eliminate the typesetting. Joint liability for errors. 2. Errors in film production and proofing After the typesetting and production work is completed, we enter the layout process, which is what we usually refer to as proofing. In general, the output precision of laser imagesetter is in the range of 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm. At the same time, due to the different films used, it will also cause certain errors. The most direct manifestation of this error is that among the four films (black, red, yellow, and blue), if a certain film (such as the black version) has problems and needs to be patched, the film is different and distinguished when the film is output. The rate may be different (not in the same batch of film), which will lead to the change of the dot, and the film supplemented may have the problem of inaccurate overprint with the previous three films. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a one-time forming when the sheet is produced to minimize the patch. Of course, garbled characters or font changes caused by font replacement at the time of filming can be avoided if the relevant personnel are seriously responsible. After the film production is completed, the traditional simulation proofing requires a set of four films for proofing. When proofing, to achieve the accuracy and stability of the four-color ink proofs, three links must be controlled and standardized, namely equipment, materials and quality standards. On the equipment, the pressure of the proofer, the temperature of the table and the air cushion blanket must be adjusted to ensure that the proofer is in the best working state; on the material, the ink of the same brand and the same series should be standardized to use the four colors of different brands Ink will cause the proofs to be different from the characteristic files in the scanner, which will directly affect the color calibration accuracy. In addition, the paper should be standardized. In principle, the same kind of paper should be used for proofing and printing; in terms of quality standards, attention should be paid to the field density value and the relative contrast value of printing. If these factors are not taken into account during proofing, it will cause errors in the printed product compared to proofing. 3. Color error There are three kinds of color errors. The first one is the deviation of the color of the printed matter and the proofing; the second is that there is a certain degree of inconsistency between the front and back colors of the same batch of printed matter; The first difference is that we usually say that printing cannot catch up with proofing, such as ink problems, paper problems, and dot restoration problems. For this difference, the printing staff should try to follow up the sample as much as possible. If the difference is large, the customer should be notified in time, and the customer should sign the sample in person. The second difference is also a problem that the printing machinery itself has been difficult to solve. In the printing process of the printing machine, the inking of ink is a process of dynamic balance. When printing, when the ink on the ink roller is reduced to a certain level, the printing machine will automatically ink to compensate. The "certain degree" here will directly lead to the deviation of the color of the finished product printed at the front of a batch of printed jobs and the finished product printed at the last side. The third difference is actually a kind of psychological expectation. The customer does not recognize the color deviation, but the printing house considers it acceptable. For this situation, the quality control of the printing house cannot be fully attributed. To be precise, the color of the printed product cannot be exactly the same as the proof, not to mention the ink color deviation within the same batch of printed products. Proofing can only be used as a reference standard because it comes out first, and customers may be preconceived, thinking that proofing is good and right. For this situation, the printing factory generally takes into account the color of the product picture when printing, then the color of other pictures, and finally the decorative color bar or color block. For the printed samples for ordering, we recommend customers to add a piece below the printed matter: "The colors in this printed matter are for reference only, and the colors are subject to the actual product" to avoid unnecessary disputes. 4. Paper error Due to the papermaking process, the brightness, thickness and texture of the same paper produced by different paper manufacturers will be different. In addition, the same gram weight of paper produced by the same manufacturer may change slightly due to different factory time. In fact, in the label of each batch of paper purchased by the printing house, the paper mill has made such a statement in advance, requiring that it cannot be mixed with the previous paper to avoid deviations when comparing with the user. For printing companies, they should provide customers with the pattern of the printed product to be used before each printing, and then confirm the customer and put it into printing to avoid such disputes. 5. Printing machinery error According to China's printing machinery industry standards, the registration accuracy of the printing machine, that is, the overlay accuracy of the dots is required to be 0.033mm, the actual mechanical accuracy is generally higher than this standard, mostly 0.01mm, and of course some printing machinery is 0.1mm Mostly monochrome machines). But even so, if you use a 40x magnifying glass to observe the printed product, you can still see that the overlay of the dots deviates. Therefore, in the process of handing over the printed products, we can only reach the point where there are no problems with the naked eye. 6. Cutting size error After printing is completed, the next important step is to use a paper cutter to cut the printed product. When cutting the finished product, due to the error of the cutter itself, the error after cutting the finished product also exists objectively. In fact, according to relevant national standards, in the RMB printed products, the error range of the cut size is 0.5 mm, and the error range of the securities printed matter is 1 mm. In other words, the size of RMB and tradable securities are not exactly the same, but the error must fall within a certain range. For general printed matter, the dimensional error of cutting is mostly 2 mm up and down. 7. Psychological expectations error To be precise, the psychological expectation error should not fall into the category of brush error. The reason why this problem is mentioned is because it is a problem that printing companies often encounter, difficult to solve, and have to face. For customers who have been in contact with printed materials for a long time, after long-term experience and knowledge accumulation, it is easier to communicate which errors are acceptable and which errors are unacceptable. However, some customers may be Will have very high psychological expectations. For this part of customers, the printing plant should communicate more with customers to avoid poor communication affecting cooperation. Some errors are caused by defects in the machinery itself, which are difficult to avoid, not caused by human factors such as poor management and improper quality control. Therefore, the printing factory can briefly introduce the printing errors mentioned in the article to the customers, so that the customers who are outsiders can fully understand and reduce or even avoid disputes. 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