As a design and production staff, everyone hopes that the electronic files they complete can be output smoothly and quickly in the output center, and they can get satisfactory films. But for many people who have recently joined the publishing and printing industry, the output center always seems to be working against them, either saying that this will not work, that will not work, or that they will not be able to send the film on time, or even re-release the film because of an error. In fact, when there are problems with the output, many of them are caused by the design and production. These problems occur in the output center. The design and production personnel may not see these problems at all. In fact, these problems are not complicated. As long as they have experienced once, they know that How to avoid it, if the design and production staff can consider it at work, try to avoid the occurrence of problems, you can save a lot of money and precious time.

The trouble with the font business

Usually designers will choose various fonts to meet their design needs at work, but because of the wide variety of fonts, it is impossible for the output center to have all the fonts. When the designer uses fonts that the output center does not have, There will be problems, and the resulting film is not as expected, and the carefully selected font has been changed to other fonts, messy characters, or simply blank.

Therefore, first of all, the design and production personnel should choose Chinese character libraries commonly used in the industry such as Hanyi, Wending, and Founder. Secondly, the design and production personnel should get in touch with the output center to understand the situation of the fonts they use, and make their Chinese and English fonts as consistent as possible with the existing fonts in the output center. If you use a font that is not available in the output center, do n’t forget to copy a font to the output center. In addition, we should understand the situation of the output Chinese PS fonts owned by the output center, and prefer to use these fonts, because TrueType words need to download a large amount of font information when outputting, and PS words only need to transmit simple codes, which can save a lot of output time. Be careful not to use on-screen display words (obvious jagged edges can be seen after zooming in), because files using on-screen display words will not get a warning of missing fonts when they are opened in the output center, so they are often ignored until the file is output as a film. Found that these fonts are dot matrix.

There is also a frequent problem. Designers remember the fonts used in typesetting files, but they often forget the fonts used in graphic files (usually in EPS format) placed in the layout, resulting in graphic files. 'S font is missing and the text becomes messy. Therefore, when handing this file containing EPS graphics to the output center, it is best to first convert the text used in the graphics file into a path to make it a graphic, so as to ensure that these texts are printed out normally. Of course, such a file contains a lot of curve information, which will inevitably cause some pressure on the output device.

In addition, some designers like to arrange text in image processing software to make the text and the image as a whole, so as to avoid font problems. For larger titles and texts that require special effects, we can do this, but for smaller texts, it is not enough, because dot matrix images will be screened when output, and black text will not be automatically imprinted, so it will It caused problems such as blurred edges of the text, inaccurate overprinting of white edges, etc.

There is a processing method that does not need to consider the matching of fonts, and can also avoid the problem of missing fonts when outputting the film. That is, generate the PS file yourself, and hand over the generated PS file to the output center to directly output the film instead of typesetting. The files are transferred to the output center, and the files are opened after the files are opened in the output center. Before using this method, you must have a certain understanding of the RIP of the output center and the imagesetter. It is important to know that not all PS files generated by typesetting software and all RIPs are compatible with each other. It is best to choose the same as the output center. Printer driver and the same print description file (PPD). When generating PS files, you should choose the most common and simplest printing method, such as color separation, adding rule lines, trapping traps, etc., to the output center. And it must be noted that when printing, the options for Chinese and English fonts should be set to "download as TrueType characters" and "download as TrueType and Postscript characters," respectively.

In addition, because the generated PS file can no longer modify its content, if they find something that needs to be modified in the output center, they can't help this, they still have to modify the design and production staff to regenerate a PS file. Therefore, before generating the PS file, you must ensure that the typesetting file is correct to avoid the trouble caused by future revisions.

Trouble caused by pictures

Similar to fonts, pictures also cause a lot of trouble. There are often problems with missing pictures, wrong pictures, or insufficient picture resolution. The occurrence of these problems has a great relationship with design personnel.

In order to ensure high running speed and flexible workability, professional typesetting software usually only put a low-resolution picture in the typesetting file, and maintain the connection between the layout file and the original picture through the link information. The original picture The files all exist independently. Therefore, when transferring the format file to the output center, all the image files in it must be transferred together to ensure the correct output. However, most of the design and production personnel have had problems in this regard. Either the image file was not transmitted or missed, or the image file was stored in another path, or the file name of the image was changed after typesetting without Rekey. In this way, the film obtained after the film will be missing a picture, or only a rough low-resolution image.

In the processing of pictures, many color problems are involved. First of all, you should always use the CMYK color mode to ensure correct color separation. Of course, we must also face the problem of inconsistency between the color of the original, such as monitors, inkjet samples, and prints. Due to the differences in the gamut range of various devices in the prepress process and the influence of many variables, this problem has always plagued many designers. Although some color management systems have been introduced, experience and practice still play the most important role due to the penetration rate. We should first perform basic calibration of the front-end equipment, and then stabilize the working conditions of the equipment, and The output center runs in several times, and finally makes its equipment work in a more ideal state, and guarantees regular review. At the same time, consciously continue to enrich his knowledge of printing colors and accumulate some data in the work, so that he can know. Due to space limitations, I wo n’t go into details here, but there is one thing to remember, no matter when, a good color specimen is a must. [next]

Compared to color, the problem of image resolution is much simpler. In theory, as long as the resolution of the image reaches 1.5 times the number of printing control lines, it can guarantee the printing quality of the image. Perhaps for insurance purposes, the industry often uses 2 times the number of printing control lines as images Resolution, this is no problem. If the image resolution is higher, it will not help to improve the image quality (except line art), but it will increase the image file capacity, increase the processing time, and also have a greater impact on the output speed. Therefore, the fine color printing usually requires an image resolution of 300 to 350 dpi. 300 dpi is generally sufficient for publicity materials and pictorials. The resolution requirements for black and white printing are even lower. With the development of web page production, many design and production personnel will use GIF images downloaded from the Internet. These Index_colorRGB mode pictures are displayed and printed on the screen very well, but they cannot be separated, and they cannot be used directly to produce films. If they are converted into CMYK mode TIFF images that can be separated, there is no good way to come. Increase the image resolution without reducing the size of the image file. Increasing the resolution in Photoshop to the value required for output only adds interpolation pixels, that is, the software calculates new pixels based on the original pixels, and does not actually increase the details of the original picture. Therefore, the only way to ensure high-quality images is to scan these pictures with the required resolution and output size.

Some design and production personnel copy the pictures from Word, Excel, Powerpoint and other software and paste them directly into the typesetting file. At this time, the typesetting file contains only a Windows Megafile (WMF) format file. After RIP interpretation, the picture is not distinguishable. The wrong rate is the wrong color.

The correct method is: copy and paste the picture from Word and other software to Illustrator, CorelDRAW and other graphics software, save it in EPS format, and then open it with Photoshop and other image software at the required resolution, perform the necessary processing, and then reset Into the typesetting software. Of course, the prerequisite for this processing method is that the picture originally inserted into software such as Word has sufficient resolution. The typesetting software can zoom, rotate, mirror, and tilt the picture. Therefore, in order to make the work more convenient, designers will be accustomed to perform these processes on the picture in the typesetting software, rather than in image processing software such as Photoshop. As everyone knows, the zooming, rotating, mirroring, tilting, etc. performed in the typesetting software should be explained by RIP during output, which will undoubtedly increase the workload of RIP and extend the output time. Therefore, it is best to finish the zooming, rotating, tilting, mirroring, etc. of the picture in image processing software such as Photoshop, and then put it into the typesetting software. In the process of image processing, for various needs, the design and production staff will generate some paths, these paths will also cause RIP to spend a lot of time in interpretation, affecting the speed of the film. Therefore, redundant paths and channels should be deleted to make the picture as simple as possible.

Design and production should be set up for output

Designers do not necessarily consider what effect the page size of the layout file has on the output. When the page size of the file and the size of the output film do not match, many problems will occur, which directly leads to the waste of the film. In order to save costs, the output center must change the page settings. These tasks require time and may cause other problems that would not occur. If the designer can take this problem into consideration in advance, the efficiency of the film output is improved. And the reduction of file error rate will be very beneficial.

Imagesetters can usually generate rule lines such as dimes and midtowns for printed products. Sometimes, for special prints, the rule lines automatically generated by the imagesetter cannot meet the requirements, so you need to manually draw the rule lines. When drawing the ruled line, pay attention to that the line type should be selected as "very thin". When printing in four colors, the ruled line should be defined as CMYK four-color ink is 100% solid color. Rules, don't get it wrong.

If you need imposition, in addition to some precautions of the rule line, you must also pay attention to the order and direction of the imposition. The folding format should meet the requirements of the folding machine of the binding factory. It is best to use the printer to print a sample and fold it into a book to check. If you need to squeeze multiple layout files together, you should pay attention to whether the settings of the same name of the layout, color, etc. between the layout files are the same, otherwise there will be confusion.

For trapping, it can be set in the imposition software, or on the RIP, or using special trapping software. It is recommended that the design and production personnel hand over this work to the output center.

When the design and production personnel prepare the files that need to be output, they should copy these files and fonts and other files related to the output together and send them to the output center. Do not include the old version files, intermediate process files, design sample files, etc. Something that is confusing or unrelated to the output. At the same time, you should also tell the output center what kind of paper your print should be printed on, the number of colors printed, whether to make a large version, what is the number of hanging lines, what is the output ratio and so on. In order to ensure the correctness of the film, a final proof should also be handed over to the output center for verification. The above are some problems that affect the output during the design and production process. Perhaps the problems listed here are not comprehensive, but they are indeed very common. I hope this will help friends who have recently joined the publishing and printing industry.

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