Cement particleboard and fiber cement board, cement type calcium silicate board, etc. are all fiber-reinforced cement sheet series. It is the type recommended by the Ministry of Construction in 1998 to publish the "New Announcement on Promoting the Application of New Technology and New Products in Housing Construction". It is also the national building material. The light board variety recommended by the Bureau in the Catalogue of New Building Materials Development in 2000.
Cement particleboard can be divided into two types: ordinary type (flat plate) and molded type (engraved plate). The molded plate refers to a template with a concave-convex pattern used in a conventional production process, so that the slab is pressed and surface-finished, and finally a building plate with a realistic appearance and rich colors is formed. Mainly used as exterior wall materials. This kind of board not only has all the excellent properties of ordinary cement particle board, but also has obvious improvement in dimensional stability and density compared with ordinary board due to the improvement of the process, and is more suitable for the requirements of construction, which has been abroad, especially Japan is widely used. With the promotion and application of the framework structure system in China's construction technology, the demand for light-board materials for exterior walls will continue to increase, which will provide a very favorable market condition for the application of molded cement particle board in China. To this end, the development status, performance characteristics and molding process of cement particle board are only briefly introduced for reference by relevant industry insiders.
I. Development status of cement particle board As the process basis of cement particle board, half of the dry method technology was invented and patented by Elmondof Company in the United States in 1962. After being adopted and improved by Swiss Durisol Company in 1968, it officially built a small scale. Demonstration of the production line, this really unveiled the history of the development of cement particleboard in the world. With the characteristics of this board gradually recognized and accepted by the construction industry, a number of factories with larger production scales have been built since the 1970s. According to relevant information statistics released since 1988, there are currently 18 countries producing such plates in the world, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Distribution of World Cement Particleboard Production Lines

In the world, the number of cement particleboard building materials in Europe is the largest, but in terms of application scale and effect, Japan has achieved the most outstanding results in this respect. Since 1975, the sales volume of Japanese cement series plates has increased sharply year by year, reaching a peak of 130 million in 1996 (see Figure 1 on page 31 of the New Building Materials Information, 2000.11). This statistic includes various fiber cement boards, calcium silicate boards, aerated concrete slabs and cement particle boards. The sales volume of cement particle board is about 45 million, accounting for about 35% of the total. It is the country with the largest number of cement particle boards in the world. In Japan, the proportion of the application of molded cement sheets has also increased year by year (see Figure 2 of page 31 of the New Building Materials Information, 2000.11). In 1991, the sales of ordinary flat-panel products accounted for more than 80% of the market share. In 1999, the high-grade sheet molding of the molded type has been divided into the market share of the ordinary flat type, which is also the most prominent in the world. At present, in Japan, the exterior wall materials of residential buildings have been extensively molded by various methods, and their application proportion has increased from 17% in 1983 to 62% in 1996 (see "New Building Materials Information", 2000.11, No. 32 Page 3). The outer wall section structure of the Japanese house, the outermost molded cement particle board is fixed on the wooden side with a spacing of 455mm, and a ventilation layer is formed between the inner side and the outer wall sealing plate to block the outside heat and remove the moisture. A feature of Japanese architectural structure can create a suitable living environment for people; at the same time, this beautifully molded molded cement particle board is often used for interior decoration, which can create a very warm and casual atmosphere.
There are certain social reasons why cement particleboard and other cement series plates are widely used in Japan. First of all, Japan is a country with many earthquakes. The construction of wooden frame houses has long been used in construction. It has laid a solid foundation for the application of lightweight plates in construction habits. Secondly, several major earthquakes occurred in Japan in history, which caused large-scale fires. To make the government attach great importance to the issue of building fire prevention. In 1971, the Japanese government promulgated mandatory building fire protection regulations, which made the non-combustible or flame retardant characteristics of cement series sheets fully displayed. The third is the high labor cost in Japan. The need to shorten the construction period and reduce the workload of wet work is more urgent. The fourth is that Japan's national consumption level is relatively high, and the amount of residential construction is developing rapidly, which provides a large market for cement exterior wall panels. Finally, it should be concluded. In the Japanese cement series plate manufacturing industry, we have been striving for excellence in quality, technology and service, and have won the trust of consumers.
As early as 1977, Europe began to produce molded cement particle board, but limited to the backward manufacturing technology of the template, only the wood material can be used to make the template. After the life is too short, the aluminum and steel are used, and the surface processing technology is used. Restricted, can only produce simple straight stripe pattern, such as brick wall surface; and the pattern is dull, lack of realism, its appearance is relatively monotonous; plus the multi-stitched wall made up of small-format sheet is not in line with European architecture The style has not been promoted in the European market. With the advancement of technology, the first is to change the template material to a resin-based material, which is manufactured by the molding method, so that the patterns of various complex profiles can be reproduced. Secondly, the computer-controlled multi-color finishing technology developed by Japan can be The product provides a rich and realistic color, so that the appearance of the molded product gives a pleasing sensation, and its realism can even reach the point of realism; in addition, in the board making process, the construction supporting technology, the finishing materials and the like are all molded. The board is more in line with the actual construction requirements. All of this constitutes the technical basis for the rapid development of Japanese molded cement particleboard applications since the 1990s.
China's research on cement particleboard technology began in the 1970s. At the end of 1980, the first production line was established by the Chinese Academy of Forestry and the Beijing Building Materials Bureau. In the mid-eighties, the Jiangxi Building Materials Design and Research Institute was established. Providing technology to build a number of small production plants in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan and Hubei provinces. The production scale of this batch of enterprises is relatively small, the equipment used in the production process is relatively simple, the amount of manual participation is large, and the product quality meets the market requirements, there is a certain gap, so that the sales volume has not expanded, and some factories have been forced to stop production. In 1993, Tiancheng Company of Qijiang City, Jilin Province introduced a common cement particle board production line with an annual output of 30,000 automation to the level of the 1980s, which played a significant role in promoting the technological progress in this aspect of China. In 1996, Shandong Wuyuan Luzhong Company also built a small mechanized plate production line with high degree of mechanization. It has tried to use wheat straw as raw material instead of wood to make cement particle board. After technical failure, it still uses wood as raw material for normal production. According to rough statistics, the total sales volume of cement particleboard in China is only about 40,000, the per capita consumption is only 1.2% of the UK, 0.75% of Japan, and the molded cement particle board is still blank. It can be seen that cement particleboard is in China. There is still a lot of room for market development. It is understood that in the 1990s, Mudanjiang City, Wuhu City and Jiangxi Zhangshu City had plans to introduce foreign technology to produce cement particle board, which was stopped due to financial reasons. In 1999, on the basis of full investigation, Jiangsu Nanjing Long March Company decided to invest in the construction of China's first molded cement particle board production line, which was supported by the State Economic and Trade Commission and Nanjing City. It is planned to trial production in 2001, hoping to uncover China's cement. The chapter on the development of particleboard.
Entering the 21st century, "protecting the environment, conserving resources, and achieving sustainable development" is a major task facing the construction industry in China. The sound development of the national economy also provides excellent market conditions for the construction industry. We should seize the opportunity and work hard to develop a new situation in the development of lightweight panels.
Second, the performance characteristics of cement particle board Cement particle board in Japan is widely used because of its many performance characteristics, can be simply attributed to the following five aspects:
1. It is a fire retardant grade material based on flammable wood shavings. In the production process of cement particleboard, it is firstly impregnated with non-combustible silicate solution, then wrapped by cement and solidified under pressure to form a relatively dense structure. Therefore, it has been identified as a flame retardant grade material by various countries in the world. United States by ASTM

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