Abstract: In the market economy environment, the green design of products is an important foundation for sustainable development. The ecology of packaging materials is a key factor. The pros and cons of the product packaging have a great relationship with the material, and the aesthetic feeling of the packaging also needs to be embodied with appropriate materials. At present, new technologies and new materials emerge in endlessly. Effectively promoted the development of ecological packaging materials. Discusses the significance and implementation of the ecology of packaging materials.

Keywords: packaging material aesthetic ecology green design

1 The status of packaging design and the necessity of ecological design

Throughout the ages. The development of packaging design has been accompanied by human civilization and cultural progress. With the development of materials, it becomes rich and colorful. In today's society, the application of new technologies and new materials has become an important feature of packaging design. Recycling of packaging materials is getting more and more attention from designers. Modern packaging design. To a large extent, it depends on the improvement of social productivity and the progress of science and technology. When we quietly entered the era of knowledge economy. Faced with the rapid development of science and technology in the world today and the status quo of China's economic take-off, packaging designers shoulder the historic mission of creating wealth for social development, but also shoulder the heavy responsibility of packaging design ecology. After China's accession to the WTO, China's commodities have gradually moved toward the world, and the packaging of goods plays a pivotal role in the promotion process. There is a saying "packaging is a silent salesman." However, there are still significant gaps between China's packaging technology and product packaging design level compared with developed countries. For example, the level of packaging technology and design cannot keep pace with the needs of economic development, and it cannot effectively meet the challenge of foreign technical trade barriers: Some domestic designers blindly Pursuit of packaging, such as luxury, style and other excessive packaging phenomenon. Significantly increase the cost of packaging. At the same time, it is not adapted to the requirements of sustainable development; the problems of packaging and environmental protection are increasingly prominent. The packaging waste has caused serious environmental pollution. In order to promote the improvement of the level of packaging design in China, we will expand the exchange and cooperation of packaging technology. Accelerate the level of China's packaging design and international standards. In recent years. With the strong support of many designers and people from all walks of life, the domestic packaging design competitions of various sizes are also frequently held. International and domestic packaging designs have made gratifying progress. The public is concerned about the ecology of packaging design. The optimization of people and the environment is the fulcrum of modern packaging design. It is necessary to inject new ideas into the design at a higher level. Turn waste into treasure, harm harm to benefit, and realize harmony among people, society, and nature. Only by paying attention to the ecology of packaging design can the packaging be more competitive.

2 The ecological design of packaging materials

In the context of considering ecological balance, protecting the environment and saving energy, the international community generally carries out green packaging projects and is organized and promoted by groups such as the Packaging Design Association. In order to promote the development of green packaging design in China, it is necessary for green packaging to begin with the selection of packaging materials. From the perspective of the current product packaging. The packaging material can be described as various, and the ecological problems existing in the packaging refer to the causal relationship between artificial product packaging and the natural environment. The task of the designer is to promote the ecology of packaging to the masses of consumers and strive to form a popular culture of green consumption. The realization of packaging ecology depends on the understanding and support of consumers. To guide consumers not to blindly pursue luxury and extravagant packaging. There is awareness of recycling for discarded packaging. Any kind of packaging cannot escape the destiny of becoming a waste after completing its mission. Therefore, we should consider how to work hard to achieve a specific cut in the population of green packaging design, that is, how to reduce waste (garbage), how to remove the garbage, and how to effectively use the garbage. In the design and previous product planning and packaging plans, specific methods to achieve green packaging include:

(1) "Reduction". While reducing waste, it will save resources and save energy. The “partial reduction” of the reduction factor is a method of removing some of the extra parts of the package that were previously made up of many parts.

(2) "Abandon easy". When you discard a used package, you will inevitably encounter many confusions. In order to remove this annoyance from consumers and promote proper abandonment, it is the mission of green packaging design. There are also things that cannot be kept or can't be recycled in the package. There are two main reasons for this. First, even if it can be recycled, the energy it consumes is often greater than waste disposal. Second, that kind of situation can only be garbage disposal. therefore. Existing combustion processes are effective. The burial method used so far will put pressure on the remaining small amount of land. "Combustion facilitation" refers to the use of combustible consumables. At this time, materials that are low in thermal damage to the incinerator and have little residue after combustion are sought. Selecting or using this material has become a topic of design.

(3) "Utilization of recycled materials". That is effective use. Such as: recycled paper, recycled pulp, recycled plastics, recycled glass. In the recycling process there is both material recovery and energy recovery. Recycling materials are not actively used in material recycling. It will endanger the entire economy. Common sense often thinks. Compared to the original material, the strength and appearance of recycled materials are slightly inferior. In order to ensure the quality of the material, it is expected that advances in technology will be made, and how to improve the appearance is the design mission. At this point, if you stick to the common sense based on the original material, you cannot solve the problem. Each of the recycled materials has its own "beautiful personality" that is used sensibly. That kind of recycled material will have an effective effect.

As shown in Figure 1, the Heineken Beer Company in the Netherlands has changed the shape of the beer bottle into a boxy square, which can be used as a building material for the bricks. This will solve the problem by examining the product's function from different perspectives. Bottle recycling problem. As you can see in Figure 2, Argentina's Emium reusable bottles are snapped together like Lego bricks. Empty bottle-filled cement can be used as a building brick or can be directly used as a furniture material, saving both resources. Also make empty bottles recyclable

(4) "Refilling." Each time the packaging is not thrown away, it is used as a "mother container." The way to replenish the packaged item with a simpler package is called "refilling." It splits into two major categories, namely the replacement of "packed items" to supplement the "content replacement" and the "partial replacement" of components such as chucks. No matter what method is used, the first thing to seek is the physical durability and functional convenience that can support the long-term use of the parent container. And there is an official tool for designing three steps that never gets bored. Second, during the supplement period. The packaging must be the same in terms of both material and value. It is necessary for this to be displayed on the design with an iconic operation, so as to facilitate the replacement and partial replacement of the contents. In short. The dual preparation of information and tools is necessary. In addition, there are also problems with refilling. Consumers repeatedly use, discard and repurchase their mother containers. As long as the mother container is a formal thing. It will certainly cause a lot of waste. It is of course essential to prevent claims from the corporate side. But in the end, it is related to consumer understanding and attitude.

(5) Perpetual use of "returnable". The widely used milk bottles, beer bottles that are still alive today, are used repeatedly as so-called "returns." In this way, in general, heavier items are often used in order to seek the durability of the package (container) and are emptied for recycling. Recycling at the same time must consume more transportation energy. In addition, cleaning containers also requires energy. Therefore, from the perspective of total energy consumption. It cannot be said that everything is good. On the other hand, in each case where this approach is applied. If the package can be returned. The efficiency of supplying, recycling, and recycling this cycle of energy will increase, and it will become an ecological product. Not only that, is it a green package that must be judged separately in various specific situations? It should be considered that "there is no distinction between superiority and inferiority, but there are only issues that are appropriate under various circumstances." In the returnable mode. Designing the container as far as possible to eliminate the waste caused by the transport has become a basic issue. If you stand on the consumer side. There are naturally no problems with the habitual use of beer bottles.

(6) Recycling can be recycled. Recycling is divided into material recovery and energy recovery. Material recycling can be divided into two categories: The recycling process is open to the entire society's open system and is limited to a closed system of corporate goods. The disposable camera is a typical example of the latter. Recycled through a camera-style film store, and then material recovery on a per-manufacturer basis. It is then reused and a closed recycling system is established at each manufacturer. therefore. This type of camera (film with lens) is not called "throw it with it" but it is called "finish it". This is out of a sense of recycling. "Unification of materials" and "Easy separation of different materials" are all preparations for recycling-oriented "disposal facilitation." "The possibility of regeneration of materials" adapts to the system and technology of recycling. The above "recycled material utilization" is also a kind of support for recycling. In addition. It is also important to establish a sign in order to allow everyone to easily join the recycling system when it is abandoned.

(7) Other "energy-saving measures" and "natural protection material utilization". It is one of the functions of design to use energy-efficient new packaging materials freely and to make full use of them. In the same way, sugarcane, for example, has never been considered as a packaging material, and the use of such natural protection materials has been developed and given its unique charm. Most of them depend on the design.

(8) Use degradable materials. Bags used in everyday life are made of biodegradable materials, which greatly reduces the environmental pollution of waste.

(9) Edible pack.age of packaging materials. Some polysaccharide materials such as starch, modified starch, pullulan, can often be made into edible food packaging. Other animal and vegetable colloids can also be made into edible food packaging.

The above describes several methods for the ecological design of packaging. Some methods are also effective for other methods, and they only have interactions that can make a difference. Packaging designers should consider the ecology of materials comprehensively, and must not only make the packaging practical and aesthetically attractive, but also make the packaging materials used throughout the entire process of recycling and use. The least burden on the environment.