How to prevent dust in the barrel edging process The barrel grinding process is a kind of barrel edge welding treatment. The welding process of the barrel body is to pre-treat the seam of the barrel body before the seam welding, the purpose of which is to eliminate the oxide and oil stain on the edge to facilitate seam welding; secondly, to reduce the thickness of the edge. In order to facilitate the quality of the subsequent process. At present, the main domestic process is edging, that is, the grinding edge is ground by 4~8 sets of grinders, which is called the edging process. People who see the edging production with their own eyes will be shocked because the working environment here is too bad, there are deafening noises, there are diffuse flying dust, and there is smoke and smoke. The noise comes from the friction between the grinding wheel and the steel plate; the dust is the particles under the grinding of the grinding wheel and the steel plate; the part of the flue gas is the product of the high temperature of the binder in the grinding wheel, and the part is the result of the vaporization of the oil on the surface of the steel drum at a high temperature. In such a work environment, the environmental protection department often asks for rectification as soon as possible, but it has not changed much so far. Why is this happening? Because the process is very good, and does not require much investment. So, how can we reduce the smoke of the edging process? Let us first look at how smoke is formed. First, the generation and harm of smoke and dust During the edging process, the air in the workshop is filled with a large amount of smoke. Smoke and dust are tiny particulate matter. The dust is a granular waste formed by the friction between the grinding wheel and the steel plate. The smoke is caused by the oil on the steel plate and the organic matter in the grinding wheel being subjected to frictional heat. The vapor is condensed. Especially in the processing of galvanized sheets, the particles which are thermally oxidized to zinc oxide are the most harmful in the flue gas. After the particulate matter enters the air, the diameter of more than 10 micrometers will settle down quickly due to gravity, but only a relatively stable high concentration of coarser particles will be present in the air near the grinding wheel. Fine particles will float in the air for a long time. These particulate materials can cause damage to the grinding wheel motor and transmission system, and are harmful to the human body. People working in a dusty environment will also affect work efficiency. After the human body inhales particulate matter, the diseases that may be caused are pneumoconiosis, alveolitis, bronchitis, occupational asthma, metal smoke, poisoning, cancer, and the like. In addition, particulate matter can affect human lung function, and some particulate matter can also cause dermatitis and conjunctivitis. Second, the basic dust prevention measures in the workshop In the workshop, even if measures to control the smoke are taken, it is inevitable that some smoke will fly away. Some of the soot that diffuses with the airflow in the working environment is deposited on the roof beam, the surface of the house, the surface of the equipment, and the like. After being piled up to some extent, it may fall again due to mechanical vibrations, etc., suspended in the air and spread to the breathing area of ​​workers. These floating soots are sometimes much higher than the soot concentration produced by daily operations. In order to avoid the above situation, in the workshop with smoke, it is better to install the ceiling so that the top beam is not exposed, and there is no pipe under the ceiling, and no wiring; avoiding the surface, window frame, etc. should also be difficult to accumulate soot. Structure; the joint between the floor and the shelter should preferably have a suitable arc for cleaning. If a lot of soot is accumulated on the floor of the workplace in a short period of time, the ground may adopt a lattice structure, and the lower portion is vacuumed by a local air suction device. Equipment layout in the workplace is also related to smoke control. If the equipment is properly arranged and the channel size is appropriate, it is convenient to fully implement the smoke control measures. At the time of design, it is important to simplify the process system and enhance continuity to minimize the chance of soot deposition. Dust-cleaning equipment and non-dusting equipment should be located in different workshops or completely isolated by partition walls to limit the spread of soot and minimize the impact on other working environments. 1. Choose the right raw materials In the past, many manufacturers did not pay much attention to the harmfulness of grinding wheel materials, which led to the use of harmful grinding wheel materials. In the future, attention should be paid to the selection of suitable raw materials. Substitutes should be less harmful than the original materials. Many; the substitute can not make the product quality or process effect significantly lower than the original; the production cost of using the substitute is not higher than the original; the supply of the substitute should be stable. The use of silicon carbide, corundum, etc. instead of sandstone with high free silica content as a grinding wheel is a representative example of the use of substitutes. 2, sealed If the dusting process is completely sealed, it can prevent the smoke from spreading to the working environment. However, due to operational reasons, it is difficult to completely close the air. Therefore, local suction is generally performed on the airtight cover, and clean air outside the iron cover flows into the cover to prevent the dusty airflow from escaping. In addition to sealing or semi-sealing the dusting equipment, it is also possible to confine the surrounding environment of the worker in an environment where smoke is emitted. For example, in a large number of workshops where smoke is emitted, it is difficult to take thorough measures to prevent pollution, and the worker's operation room can be sealed to send fresh air to the room. 3, automation The use of automation or remote operation has a significant effect on the prevention of smoke and dust hazards, because the workers do not need to directly participate in the operation of emitting smoke, and can fully achieve complete sealing and dust collection. However, when you need to enter the inside of the equipment for maintenance, you may encounter high concentrations of dust, then use personal protective equipment. Third, the common ventilation method to remove dust Ventilation is available in both full and partial inhalation. The use of comprehensive ventilation to control dust is mainly to clean the air and gently and continuously dilute the harmful substances in the entire air of the production site so as not to exceed the allowable concentration, so it is also called dilution ventilation. General ventilation generally requires a much larger amount of air than local inhalation, so it is not as economical as a partial inhalation. Steel drum grinding workshops use full ventilation to control soot, because the grinding wheel set generally has eight, and is relatively scattered, it is difficult to set up local suction devices in terms of process and operation. Local inhalation is the removal of harmful substances from the source of the source before it is released into the air of the worker's breathing zone. The local air suction device is composed of a suction hood, a pipe, an air purifier and a fan. When used for vacuuming, the air purifier is the dust collector. For houses that use dust suction devices to remove dust, the outdoor air should be sent to the workshop under controlled conditions to replace the exhausted air. Especially in the case of relatively large inspiratory volume, this problem should be paid more attention to. It will cause problems such as the effect of vacuuming, the difficulty of maintaining a comfortable temperature in the room, or the blowing of cold wind to workers. The supplementary air is at least equal to the total air volume discharged from the workshop by the suction ventilation system, and the best result is a little more to minimize the air leakage around the building. It must be heated when replenishing air in winter and cool down in summer. Therefore, when designing a local inhalation system, care should be taken to minimize the amount of inhalation or recycle air while ensuring the inhalation effect, but this should not be caused by circulating air. It is a prerequisite for jeopardizing the health of employees. The soot-containing air that is partially inhaled needs to be dedusted and purified before being discharged into the atmosphere. Commonly used dust collectors are mechanical dust collectors, scrubbers, fabric filters and electrostatic precipitators, each of which has many different forms. It can be selected according to the situation. Fourth, the main management of dust prevention In order to prevent the occurrence of hazards from soot, in addition to technical measures, management should be strengthened. The main contents include: keeping the operating environment clean, keeping the dustproof equipment intact, checking the dustproof effect frequently and conducting dust prevention education and training. Smoke is attached to the lighting fixtures. These deposited soot should be cleaned regularly. Cleaning dust can be done with tools and equipment such as wet mops, vacuum cleaners, and blow-off sweepers. As with production equipment, dust-proof equipment must be carefully maintained and intensively repaired to ensure that it can always perform well. The maintenance content should be made into a checklist, which lists the parts that must be inspected, and checks for abnormalities item by item at regular intervals. In case of abnormality, the cause should be investigated, necessary repairs, replacements and supplements should be made and recorded. The effect of dust prevention should be monitored by technical measurements. The content of the measurement is mainly the management of the work environment. In addition, special training and training on dust control technology and smoke detection methods should be carried out for technicians engaged in dust prevention work. In recent years, a variety of new welding edge treatment processes have emerged at home and abroad, which proves that people still recognize the impact of the edging environment. These new processes include milling and high-frequency welding. The milling process eliminates noise and dust and is a transitional process that is more suitable for general small barrel mills. It is simple and feasible. Although the cleaning process also eliminates noise and dust, it is accompanied by hydrochloric acid and the like to corrode oxides and grease on the weld edges, often accompanied by toxic and harmful gases, and there is also cleaning waste liquid, which is still unfavorable to environmental protection. Can not be promoted. Only the automatic high-frequency welding process is characterized by the advanced nature of the welding machine. The welding edge can be welded without strict treatment, and the processing process is removed, thereby reducing the labor intensity, reducing the production cost, and improving the environmental pollution. It is a replacement process for steel barrel welding. 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As far as the characteristics of the edging process are concerned, among the technologies that can achieve the same effect, the technology that emits the least amount of smoke should be used; the economy cannot be ignored, but the direct economy should not be considered, but it should be based on the smoke. The hazard takes into account the comprehensive economics to choose production technology. The following dust-proof measures can be taken in terms of production technology:
Practice has proved that in the production environment where smoke is generated, even if dust-proof measures are taken, it is inevitable that some smoke will fly away, and it will last for a long time, on the surface of windows, walls and machinery.